The Spring Framework is a popular Java framework that provides a comprehensive set of tools and libraries for building enterprise-level applications. It offers a number of benefits and advantages over other frameworks, including: It is lightweight and modular, allowing developers to only include the features and libraries that they need for their specific application. It is highly configurable and extensible, allowing developers to customize and extend its functionality to meet the needs of their application.

Spring Boot is a sub-project of the Spring Framework that focuses on simplifying the development of Spring-based applications. It provides a number of benefits and advantages over traditional Spring applications, including: It provides a rapid and easy way to create and configure a new Spring application, with minimal configuration and setup required. It includes a range of pre-configured and starter dependencies that provide common application features, such as data access, security, and web services.

In functional programming, programs are composed of pure functions that take input values and return output values, without mutating state or causing side effects.

Java Generic is a feature of the Java language that allows developers to define classes, interfaces, and methods that can operate on different types of objects, without having to specify the specific types of objects that they will operate on.